Social determinants of health, particularly those related to socioeconomic status, are major barriers to breast cancer screening for women aged 40 and older in the United States, according to a new study by researchers at Florida Atlantic University’s Schmidt College of Medicine.
The scoping review, published in Frontiers in Public Health, analyzed 72 peer-reviewed observational studies from 2013 to 2023. It found that factors such as income, education level, employment status, and insurance coverage significantly impact screening rates.
Race and ethnicity also play a crucial role. The study revealed that ethnic minority women, except for those identifying as Asian, were less likely to be screened. Black women faced a higher risk of diagnosis upon first screening.
“One of the most influential roles of social determinants of health lies within the realm of equitable access,” said Dr. Lea Sacca, senior author and assistant professor at FAU.
The research highlighted disparities in screening rates based on sexual orientation. White bisexual women had lower mammography rates than white heterosexual women, while the opposite was true for Black women.
Economic factors were particularly significant. Women with higher household incomes were more likely to undergo repeat mammography. Food insecurity was also linked to lower screening rates, with affected women 54% less likely to get a mammogram.
The study suggests that improving patient-provider communication, addressing perceived discrimination, and enhancing trust in the healthcare system could increase screening rates. Structural efforts to improve health insurance coverage, language proficiency, and transportation services were also recommended.
See “STUDY SHOWS SOCIAL FACTORS OF LOW U.S. BREAST CANCER SCREENING” (March 4, 2024)
